03 · Level 3Position size, drawdown, margin calls, and the habits that empty an account faster than any bad entry. Twelve lessons.
Risk and the mind: how accounts survive
- 3.1
Risk per trade: the 1-2% rule
Deciding the money you can lose on one trade before deciding anything else. Everything downstream — size, stop, target — follows from that number.
- 3.2
Working out position size
Risk in money, divided by the stop distance in pips, divided by pip value. Three numbers you already have, in that order.
- 3.3
Risk and reward
What the ratio between stop and target does to the hit rate you need. The arithmetic is fixed; the ratio you can actually get is not.
- 3.4
Drawdown and losing streaks
How far an account falls from its peak, and why a run of losses is normal rather than evidence that something broke.
- 3.5
Margin call and stop out
The two thresholds at which a broker warns you and then closes your positions, and the numbers that bring an account to them.
- 3.6
Fear, greed and FOMO
The three states in which traders break their own rules, and what each one feels like from the inside while it happens.
- 3.7
Overtrading and chasing losses
Two patterns that turn one bad trade into a bad week: trading more often than the plan allows, and raising size to win it back.
- 3.8
Discipline: the rules you do not break
A short written routine before, during and after the session — the part of trading that is the same every day.
- 3.9
Signals, robots and copy trading
Three ways to hand decisions to someone else, what each one actually copies, and what stays your risk regardless.
- 3.10
Checking a broker in the local register
Where the register is, what to type into it, and which answers mean the licence does not cover what you were offered.
- 3.11
Tax on trading in your country
Which authority wants to hear about trading results, what kind of income they are treated as, and what records to keep from the start.
- 3.12
Taking your money out
The route a withdrawal takes, how long each step holds it, and the checks that stop one.
What this level costs you in money and in time
Level 3 is the part of the course where the numbers stop being about the market and start being about your account. You will work in naira throughout, because that is what leaves your bank. The instrument stays EUR/USD at about 1.0850, so the arithmetic is consistent from lesson to lesson. Nothing here needs a live account. A notebook, a calculator and the figures from the lessons are enough.
The costs in this level are mostly the costs of mistakes, and they are easier to see than to feel. A position that is too large for the account does not look dangerous on the screen. It becomes dangerous when the price moves against it, and the loss is a multiple of what you intended. Every lesson starts by asking what the decision costs if it goes wrong, before asking what it pays if it goes right.
Time is the other cost. The twelve lessons are short, but the habits they describe take weeks to settle. Reading them in one evening gives you the vocabulary and nothing else. A realistic pace is two or three lessons a week, with the position-size sums done by hand each time until they are boring. Boring is the point. A rule you have to think about is a rule you will break under pressure.
How the ideas build from one trade to a whole account
The level starts with a single decision: how much of the account is at risk on one trade. The 1-2% rule gives a ceiling, and the position-size lesson turns that ceiling into a number of units using the stop distance. Until you can do that sum, the later lessons have nothing to attach to. Risk and reward then sets the other side of the trade, so you can see whether the amount risked is worth the amount targeted.
From there the view widens. Drawdown and losing streaks show what a run of losses does to the balance, and why the same percentage risk feels different after the account has fallen. Margin call and stop out explain what the broker does when the balance can no longer support the open position. These are not separate topics. They are the same arithmetic seen over a longer stretch of time.
The second half is about behaviour and access. Fear, greed and FOMO, overtrading and chasing losses, and the rules you refuse to break all describe the same failure: a plan that exists but is not followed. Signals, robots and copy trading, checking a broker in the local register, tax, and withdrawals close the level by asking who else is involved in your money and on what terms. Withdrawals come last because money you cannot take out was never yours to trade.
Where readers stumble, and how long the level really takes
The commonest stumble is treating the 1-2% rule as a target rather than a limit. Readers calculate 2% and then round up, or move the stop further away so the position can stay open. Both break the rule while appearing to keep it. The fix is to write the naira amount down before looking at the chart, and to treat any change to it as a new decision that needs a reason.
The second stumble is margin. Many beginners believe a margin call is a warning they can trade through. It is a demand from the broker, and a stop out closes positions without asking. The lesson exists because the sequence is mechanical, not emotional. Knowing the level at which it triggers, and keeping the account well above it, removes a whole class of forced exits.
The third stumble is patience with the unglamorous lessons. Checking a broker in the SEC Nigeria register, or reading the withdrawal terms, feels like admin next to chart work. It is the part that decides whether the profit you make can reach your bank account by transfer, USSD or card. Allow three to four weeks for the level at two or three lessons a week, and longer if you are doing the sums by hand. Speed here buys nothing.
Doing it once, step by step
Work through these once, in order, using the EUR/USD figure and your own naira numbers. The aim is a written risk plan you can follow without deciding anything in the moment.
- 01
Write your risk ceiling in naira
Decide the most you will lose on one trade, as a percentage of the account, and keep it between 1% and 2%. Convert it to naira before you open any chart. Write the figure on paper and date it. If you change it later, write down why.
- 02
Calculate position size by hand
Take the naira amount from the first step and divide it by the stop distance in pips, using the pip value for the size you are considering. Do this on paper for several stop distances so the relationship becomes familiar. Check the result against the account balance, not against what you hope to make.
- 03
Set the stop and target before entry
Choose where the trade is wrong, place the stop there, and set a target that pays more than the amount risked. If the target is closer than the stop, the trade needs a higher win rate to break even, which is a reason to skip it. Record both levels in the plan before the order goes in.
- 04
Rehearse a losing streak
Take your starting balance and apply ten losses in a row at your chosen risk percentage. Write the balance after each one. This shows how the same rule feels different as the account shrinks, and it tells you whether the size is survivable.
- 05
Learn your margin numbers
Find the margin required for your position size and the level at which a stop out occurs, and note both beside your plan. Keep the account balance well clear of that level. Treat any approach towards it as a signal to reduce size, not to add funds in a hurry.
- 06
Check the broker and the exit
Confirm the firm appears in the SEC Nigeria register, and read the withdrawal terms, including the methods, the minimum and the time stated. Test a small withdrawal early so the process is known before it matters. Tax treatment varies, so confirm your own position rather than relying on a general figure.
Questions that come up next
How much money do I need to start trading EUR/USD?
The amount varies by broker, and this course does not recommend one. What matters is that you can fund the account without touching money you need for rent, food or school fees. A common approach is to start with an amount you could lose entirely without changing your life. The lessons in this level use naira figures so you can practise the sums before any real money is involved.
What is the smallest position size I can trade?
It depends on the broker and the account type. Some allow micro lots, where one pip is worth a small fraction of a standard lot. The position-size lesson shows how to work backwards from your risk limit and stop distance. That sum gives you the number of units, and you then check whether your broker allows it. If it does not, you either widen the stop or accept a smaller risk.
Can I use my phone to trade?
Yes, most brokers offer a mobile app. You can also fund an account by bank transfer, USSD or card, depending on what the broker supports. The course does not recommend a specific app or broker. What matters is that you can place, monitor and close a trade without errors. Practise on a demo account first if the platform is new to you.
How long does it take to finish Level 3?
The twelve lessons are short, but the habits take weeks to settle. Reading them in one evening gives you the vocabulary and nothing else. A realistic pace is two or three lessons a week, with the position-size sums done by hand each time until they are boring. Boring is the point.
What happens if I lose more than I planned on a trade?
It means the position was too large for the stop distance, or the stop was moved. The drawdown lesson shows how a run of losses affects the balance. The margin call lesson explains what the broker does when the account can no longer support the open position. Both are covered in this level so you can see the arithmetic before it happens.
Do I need to pay tax on trading profits?
Tax rules vary by country and can change. This course does not give tax advice. The lesson on tax explains that you should check the current rules that apply to you, and keep records of your trades. If in doubt, speak to a qualified tax professional.
The words used on this page
- Pip
- A pip is a small move in a currency pair's price. For EUR/USD, one pip is usually the fourth decimal place, so a move from 1.0850 to 1.0851 is one pip. The value of a pip in naira depends on your position size.
- Drawdown
- Drawdown is the fall from the highest balance your account has reached to a lower balance. It is measured in money or as a percentage. A large drawdown is harder to recover from than a small one, because the account has less money left to trade with.
- Margin call
- A margin call happens when your open positions have lost enough that the broker thinks the account can no longer support them. The broker may ask you to add money or close positions. If you do not, the broker can close positions for you, which is called a stop out.
- Stop out
- A stop out is when the broker closes your open positions because the account no longer meets the margin requirement. It is the broker protecting itself from further losses. It can happen quickly in fast markets, and you may not get a warning first.
- Overtrading
- Overtrading is taking more trades than your plan allows, often because you are trying to win back a loss or because you are bored. It increases costs and the chance of mistakes. The lesson on overtrading and chasing losses explains how to spot it and stop it.
- SEC Nigeria
- SEC Nigeria is the Securities and Exchange Commission of Nigeria. It is the regulator for certain financial activities in the country. The lesson on checking a broker explains how to look for a firm in the local register, though the rules vary by broker and you should check the current requirements.
What to take away
- Risk per trade is a decision you make before you enter, not after the price moves.
- Position size comes from your risk limit and your stop distance, not from how confident you feel.
- A losing streak is normal, and the size of your risk decides whether the account survives it.
- The rules you refuse to break are the ones that keep the account open long enough to learn.